Week 6 : Network Protocol and Standards

What is TCP?

 

• there are two versions of TCP/IP, IPv4 and IPv6. 

• 10BASE-2 (Thinwire coaxial cable with a maximum segment length of 185 meters)

• 10BASE-5 (Thickwire coaxial cable with a maximum segment length of 500 meters)

• 10BASE-F (optical fiber cable)

• 10BASE-T (ordinary telephone twisted pair wire)

• 10BASE-36 (broadband multi-channel coaxial cable with a maximum segment length of 3,600 meters)

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the video above shows how TCP/IP works.

hey guys, let's watch this amazing video about the difference between ipv4 and ipv6.

What is Ethernet (802.3)?

802.3 is a standard specification for Ethernet, a method of physical communication in a local area network (LAN), which is maintained by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). In general, 802.3 specifies the physical media and the working characteristics of Ethernet. The original Ethernet supports a data rate of 10 megabits per second (Mbps) and specifies these possible physical media:

Source : http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/8023

the video above explain the details about Wifi 802.11

THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN  802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g and 802.11n

- 802.11a:

Operates in the 5.15GHz to 5.35GHz radio spectrum.

Speed: Up to 54Mbps (actual throughput is closer to 22Mbps)

Range: 50 feet

Less prone to interference.

More expensive.

Because 802.11b and 802.11a use different radio technologies and portions of the spectrum, they are incompatible with one another. 

- 802.11b: 

Operates in the 2.4GHz radio spectrum.

Speed: Up to 11Mbps

Range: 100 feet

Prone to interference (it shares airspace with cell phones, Bluetooth, security radios, and other devices).

Least expensive wireless LAN specification.

The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA) has done its part by certifying hundreds of products to make sure they work together. 

- 802.11g:

Operates in the 2.4GHz radio spectrum.

Speed: Up to 54Mbps

Range: 100 feet

Prone to interference (it shares airspace with cell phones, Bluetooth, security radios, and other devices).

- 802.11n (Draft):

Operates in the 2.4 or 5GHz radio spectrum

Speed: Up to 700Mbs

Range: 50 feet

Because 802.11b and 802.11g use the same radio technologies and portions of the spectrum, they are compatible with one another. But because the 802.11n standard has yet to be ratified by WECA, it may not be completely compatible with 802.11b and 802.11g.

How does a bluetooth connection work?

A Bluetooth  device uses radio waves instead of wires or cables to connect to a phone or computer. A Bluetooth product, like a headset or watch, contains a tiny computer chip with a Bluetooth radio and software that makes it easy to connect. When two Bluetooth devices want to talk to each other, they need to pair.

Bluetooth vs Infrared 

Source : https://www.slideshare.net/balpreetdhillon/bluetooth-cdma-technology

Types of connection :

1) Dial-up connection
2) Direct connection



INTERNET INFRASTRCTURE



Source : http://seri06.blogspot.my/2013/05/the-internets-infrastructure.html

example of IP Address


USING THE NETWORK

1. company



2. individual

Week 5 : Wired and Wireless Technology

This chapter will explain about network characteristics : topology,wired vs wireless, size or coverage area & architecture.

• wired network 

                     The video above shows how to connect network wired network at home.

• wireless network

 

The video tells the basic about connecting wireless network. 

There are four types of wireless networks, they are :- 

• wireless wide area networks (WWANs)
• wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs)
• wireless local area networks (WLANs)
• wireless personal area networks (WPANs)

Different classification of wireless technologies. 

There are five types of wireless technology :

 1) Infra Red
 - do not use signal
- Infrared Data Association 
- not popular now

2) Bluetooth
- it is for wireless personal area networks 
- for a short range <10m
- connect devices such as mobile phones, laptops, printers, PCs and so on.

3) Wireless local area networks (WLANs), Wifi
-  based on the IEEE 802.11 standard.
- it has two radio frequency specifications (RF - direct sequence and frequency hopping spread spectrum) and one infrared (IR).
- use a point-to-point solution and point-to-multi-point solution.

4) Broadband wireless
- Speed up to 70Mbps, Range 30 miles.
- Broadband means 'having instantaneous bandwidth greater than around 1 MHz and supporting
  data rates greater than about 1.5 Mbit/s.



5)Wimax